Тест 52. Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому языку


1) Установите соответствие между заголовками 1 — 8 и текстами A — G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. How dreaming helps
2. Why dreams can be scary
3. How we forget dreams
4. Not only for humans
5. When we don’t sleep
6. How we remember dreams
7. When we dream
8. What we feel dreaming

A. Even though our dreams may feel like they last for hours and hours, we hardly spend more than two hours dreaming each night, which means a person spends a total of nearly six years dreaming throughout a lifetime. In general there are four phases of the sleep cycle and all dreaming occurs practically at the final phase. Each of these sleep cycles lasts approximately 60 to 90 minutes and may repeat several times throughout the night.

B. Anxiety is the most popular emotion experienced in dreams. Many people dream of falling, which is often connected to something in our lives that is going in the wrong direction. In addition, dreams of being chased are very common and are linked to avoidance. Also people report dreams about their teeth falling out, which is related to the words and communication we might have in real life.

C. Dreaming helps people make sense of the information and events that occur in their lives. Dreams play an important role in processing and remembering information that we absorb daily. Also, they help reduce stress and even solve problems. It’s very possible to work through real-life problems while dreaming at night. In addition, dreams provide a lot of important content and meaning that can be used to inspire and direct our lives during the day.

D. Nearly 5 to 10% of adults have nightmares. There are several reasons for it, for example when people start taking certain medications or when they withdraw from drugs. Some physical conditions, such as stress or illness, can also be a trigger. However, in some cases adults may have frequent nightmares that are unrelated to their everyday lives, which may signify that they are more creative, sensitive, and emotional than the average person.

E. There is no person who does not have dreams, but not everybody recalls them. The most vivid dreams happen during the Rapid Eye Movement sleep stage when the brain is extremely active and the eyes move back and forth quickly underneath the eyelids. Although dream recall varies from person to person, some people have little or no recollection of the content, and around 90% of dreams are gone following the first 10 minutes of waking up.

F. Scientists have found that animals also dream and their subconscious thoughts are connected to real experiences. Animals’ dreams are complex, containing long sequences of events. Animals’ brains share the same series of sleeping states as the brain of human beings. Analyzing animals’ dreams and the content of their dreams may help scientists treat memory disorders and develop new ways for people to learn and retain information more effectively.

G. Only five minutes after the end of a dream and half of the content is likely to vanish from our memories. It’s not that dreams aren’t important enough to keep in mind, but other things tend to get in the way. Dream researcher L. Strumpell believes that dreams disappear from our memories for a number of factors. For example, we may not recall dream images that lack intensity, association or repetition, which are usually needed for dream recall.

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2) Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A — F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1 — 7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя.

Promoting language learning
The European Union (EU) is committed to supporting the rights of its citizens to personal and professional mobility, and their ability to communicate with each other. It does so by ___ (A) to promote the teaching and learning of European languages. These programmes have at least one thing in common: they cover cross-border projects involving partners from two, and often three or more, EU countries.

The EU programmes are designed to complement the national education policies of member countries. Each government is responsible for its own national education policy, ___ (B). What the EU programmes do is to create links between countries and regions via joint projects, ___ (C).

Since 2007 the main programmes have been put under the overall umbrella of the EU’s lifelong learning programme. All languages are eligible for support under this programme: official languages, regional, minority and migrant languages, ___ (D). There are national information centres in each country, ___ (E).

The cultural programmes of the EU also promote linguistic and cultural diversity in a number of ways. The “Media” programme funds the dubbing and subtitling of European films for ___ (F). The “Culture” programme builds cross-cultural bridges by supporting the translation of modern authors into other EU languages.

1. funding a number of educational programmes
2. and encouraging people to learn new languages
3. which includes language teaching and learning
4. and the languages of the EU’s major trading partners
5. where details about the application procedures are given
6. cinemas and television in other EU countries
7. which enhance the impact of language teaching and learning

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3) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

What problem is raised in the article?
1) Cooperation in space.
2) Threats of climate change.
3) Danger of drinking salt water.
4) Lack of water supplies on Earth.



4) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

According to the author, the information published in the US Geological Survey is meant to
1) help to monitor the state of the country’s water resources.
2) She didn’t work in her childhood.
3) She didn’t have any writing experience.
4) demonstrate the quality of water the nation uses.



5) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

The author thinks that outer space
1) is dangerous because of asteroids.
2) is not studied properly.
3) should be colonized.
4) is a source of important supplies.



6) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

According to the author, the space water sources may be used for
1) the production of electricity.
2) fuel production.
3) moon exploration.
4) water supplies for spaceships.



7) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

The Google and Microsoft (paragraph 9) are mentioned to
1) show that space research is important for computer science.
2) prove that asteroids can be commercially attractive.
3) explain how Planetary Resources Inc. became famous.
4) prove that asteroids can interfere withthe Internet.



8) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

The expression “put the gears in motion” in “it is wise to put the gears in motion now” (paragraph 9) means
1) to move.
2) to explore.
3) to begin.
4) to invest.



9) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

What idea is stressed in the last two paragraphs?
1) Asteroids are unique objects for scientific research.
2) International Space Station is the heaviest object in space.
3) There is room for further achievements in space exploration.
4) Only smart administration can manage space programs.