Тест 134. Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому языку


1) Установите соответствие между заголовками 1 — 8 и текстами A — G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Not only at dinner
2. Local rules in temples
3. Conversation topics
4. Watch your tongue
5. Foreigners banned
6. Mind what you wear
7. Chance to learn
8. A different body culture

A. Religion is taken very seriously in India. It is important to show due respect to religious buildings, images, and people at prayer. When entering a temple or mosque, remove your shoes and leave them at the door. Socks are acceptable, and protect your feet from burning-hot stone ground. Some temples do not allow you to enter wearing or carrying leather articles. In the southern state of Kerala, most Hindu temples are closed to non-Hindus, but those that aren’t require men to remove their shoes and shirts before entering.

B. The biggest minefield of potential failure has to do with eating. This is usually done with the fingers, and requires practice to get it absolutely right. Rule one is: eat with your right hand only. While you can hold a cup or utensil in your left hand, you should not eat, pass food or wipe your mouth with your left hand. This rule extends beyond food. In general, do not pass anything to anyone with your left hand, or point at anyone with it either. You should accept things given to you with your right hand – though using both hands is a sign of respect.

C. Indian people are very conservative about dress. Women are expected to dress modestly, with legs and shoulders covered. Trousers are acceptable, but shorts and short skirts are offensive to many. Men should always wear a shirt in public, and avoid shorts away from beach areas. These rules are particularly important in temples and mosques. Men are similarly expected to dress appropriately with their legs and head covered. Caps are usually available on loan, often free, for visitors, and sometimes cloth is available to cover up your arms and legs.

D. Kissing and embracing are not accepted in public. In more conservative areas, it is still rare for couples to hold hands, though Indian men can sometimes be seen holding hands as a sign of “brotherliness.” Be aware of your feet. When entering a private home, you should normally remove your shoes. When sitting, avoid pointing the soles of your feet at anyone. Accidental contact with one’s foot is always followed by an apology. Knowing and following these rules vastly improves the impression you make on local people.

E. As a traveller, you will constantly come across people who want to strike up a conversation. English not being the first language in India, they may not be familiar with the conventional ways of doing this. Indian English can be very formal, and even ceremonious. Indian people may well call you “sir” or “madam,” even “good lady” or “kind sir.” At the same time, you should be aware that your English may seem rude to them. In particular, swearing is taken rather seriously, and casual use of offensive words is likely to shock.

F. You may find it odd, or even intrusive, that complete strangers would want to know some personal stuff, but these subjects are considered polite conversation between strangers in India. They help people place one another in terms of social position. Your family, children, job, even income, are not considered “personal” subjects, and it is completely normal to ask people about them. Asking the same questions back will not be taken amiss – far from it. Being curious does not have the “nosey” stigma in India that it has in the West.

G. If you are not religious, travel alone, or stay in cheap hotels when, as a tourist, you are relatively rich, people in India will find it strange. You will probably end up having to explain the same things many times to many different people. It is more likely to happen if they are older or more traditional. On the other hand, you can ask questions too, so you could take it as an opportunity to understand more about India. English-speaking Indians and members of the middle class are usually extremely well-informed and well-educated.

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2) Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A — F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1 — 7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя.

Magical transformation of bread
You may eat your sandwich without even thinking about what’s holding it together. But without bread, you won’t have a sandwich. To people from all around the world, bread is an important, familiar food, but it is also an amazing transformer. To turn ___ (A), your loaf had to go through an extraordinary series of changes.

You only need four ingredients to make bread: water, flour, salt, and yeast. Yeast is a type of microbe, ___ (B). Flour, ___ (C), is dry and powdery. When you add water, the flour absorbs the liquid. If you continue mixing, you’ll get a big lumpy blob. As you knead it – ___ (D) – the blob soon becomes smooth and turns into dough.

After kneading your dough, you must let it rest. It’s time for the yeast to do its job. These tiny creatures eat the sugar in the flour. As they eat, they produce carbon dioxide which forms air bubbles ___ (E). Bread also needs salt to strengthen dough and make your bread taste good. Now, it’s time to bake.

Even after it comes out of the oven, a loaf of bread keeps changing. As soon as it starts to cool, it starts getting stale. To make hard bread more appealing, it’s best to put it in the oven. The bread becomes softer again. Over time, though, the bread loses flavour and aromas. So, ___ (F) not be as tasty as it once was. Still, it’s probably good enough for another sandwich.

1. even if you can soften it again, it may
2. press it, stretch it, roll it, and flatten it
3. into those soft, delicious slices of bread
4. inside bread and makes it light and fluffy
5. a living organism which is too small to see
6. you put in an oven and a loaf of bread comes
7. which comes from ground-up grains of wheat

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3) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

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Which is the recent trend in taking a gap year, according to the article?
1) More Europeans than Americans now take a gap year.
2) Famous people start taking a gap year more regularly.
3) A gap year after college is more common than after grad school.
4) More students take a gap year after getting their first degree.



4) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

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It is implied that continuing into graduate school without a break may …
1) bring positive results for some.
2) help students achieve their goals.
3) result in feeling ill and exhausted.
4) add up to 20 years to education.



5) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

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What is meant by a conveyor-belt mindset in “I call it the ‘conveyor belt mindset’” (paragraph 3) in the article?
1) Choosing what you need to do carefully.
2) Having a variety of choices about what to do in life.
3) Pretending to be more productive than you are.
4) Going through different life stages non-stop.



6) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

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Which makes a gap year especially meaningful, according to Julia Fires’ opinion?
1) Travelling to other countries.
2) Developing some new abilities.
3) Having a volunteer experience.
4) Finding a well-paid position.



7) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

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Which is NOT true about official information on gap years?
1) After-college gappers’ motives differ from those before college.
2) Having a gap year is becoming more wide-spread in the U.S.
3) There is a lack of information about gap years between degrees.
4) The influence of taking a gap year has been researched.



8) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

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According to the survey of gap-year takers, the majority of them wanted to …
1) visit other countries.
2) get work experience.
3) improve their skills.
4) have a rest from studies.



9) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

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Which is the author’s overall view on taking a gap year expressed in the last paragraph?
1) You need to develop your gap-year program yourself.
2) Gappers should do something useful to benefit their future.
3) A gap year should focus mainly on professional development.
4) Some ways of taking a gap year are better than others.