Тест 110. Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому языку


1) Установите соответствие между заголовками 1 — 8 и текстами A — G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Importance to people
2. Types of migrating birds
3. A way of spending free time
4. Where birds migrate
5. Behaviour and feeding habits
6. Causes of bird extinction
7. Causes of bird migration
8. Where birds live

A. Birds are distinguished from all other animals by their feathers. Some types of birds live alone most of the time. Other types are more social. They may sleep, fly, and nest in groups called flocks. Birds use different sounds to communicate with one another. For example, some baby chicks stop moving when their mother produces a danger call. They may also sing to announce that a certain patch of land belongs to them. Many types eat insects. Some water birds catch fish. Many other types eat plant material.

B. Birds are found almost everywhere on Earth. There are more than 10,000 types of birds. All birds have similar features. The loss of a complete bird species may be inevitable because they are too sensitive to rapid changes. Birds living on small islands, or in desert or mountainous regions, can be vulnerable to slight changes in climate, while even minor disruptions of forest habitats can affect the breeding habits and survival of others. In some regions, it is the hunting of birds, for sport or to trade their pelts, that is the greatest threat.

C. Birds have spread throughout all parts of Earth because of their ability to fly. They live in a great variety of habitats, including fields, forests, grasslands, deserts, marshes, islands, and the open ocean. The size of an area and the diversity of the habitats help determine the number of species found in a given area. Many birds migrate, or fly long distances between their winter and summer homes. For example, many European birds travel to Africa for the winter. This helps them find enough food year-round.

D. Every bird when it is seen for the first time brings a thrill of discovery. The spring migration is a fresh wonder every year. The surprise and delight of coming across a rarity and the difficulty of keeping it in view long enough to be sure of what it is help to make bird-watching an endless fascination. Birdwatching is a hobby that can be enjoyed for a lifetime. In bird clubs the membership ranges in age from young children to grandparents. Bird-watching can combine healthy outdoor activity with the pursuit of beauty and knowledge.

E. Some birds never move far from where they were born whereas others migrate and can travel huge distances in the process. Birds migrate from one summer season to the other. Although they take a lot of risk when they migrate, for many of them it significantly improves their chances of survival and allows them to raise more offspring in another region. Birds migrate to move from areas of low or decreasing resources to areas of high or increasing resources.

F. Birds and their eggs have been sources of food for humans since their origin and still are in most societies. With the rise of agriculture, birds became important to farmers. In their constant search for food, wild birds eat huge numbers of insects, weed seeds, and rodents. Insects, weeds, and rodents cut down the amount of food the farmer can harvest from field, garden, and orchard. Many people keep birds as pets. Small finches and parrots are especially popular. Zoological parks are a source of recreation for millions of people each year.

G. Migration is often annual. It is closely linked with the cyclic pattern of the seasons. It is most evident among birds, which have a highly efficient means of traveling swiftly over long distances. The migration of most birds is a yearly cycle. Not all birds migrate. Permanent residents do not migrate. They are able to find adequate supplies of food year-round. Short-distance migrants move only a short distance. Medium-distance migrants cover distances that span from one to several states. There are also long-distance migrants.

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2) Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A — F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1 — 7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя.

Going green
Green buildings. Green energy. Green cleaning. Once upon a time, green was just another colour in your crayon box. It was also a word ___ (A). In recent years, “green” has become the universal word for all environmentally friendly things.

The happy hum of a washing machine, ___ (B) are some of the soothing sounds of home. And there are times when these appliances are running all at once at your place. But as ___ (C) pollution. The more energy your home consumes, the harder power plants have to work, and the more pollution enters the environment.

As a resident of a fragile planet, you do want to do your part to help the environment. So you recycle, you use ___ (D) and you never let the water run while you’re brushing your teeth. But as you do your part to protect the environment, it’s important ___ (E) can also improve your health. For example, reducing carbon dioxide emissions can be achieved in many ways, and can benefit your health. By deciding to use your bike or walk to work, you benefit both ___ (F). You reduce your fossil fuel consumption and increase leisure-time physical activity and connect with others. So, don’t hesitate and go green whenever you can.

1. biking, walking or working from home
2. to keep in mind that living green
3. public transportation whenever you can
4. your health and the local environment
5. the neighbour used to describe your garden
6. your electricity usage goes up, so does the air
7. clothes dryer, dishwasher and refrigerator

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3) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

How is New Year in Russia different from other places, according to the text?
1) It is a bigger holiday than Christmas.
2) It is celebrated with close relatives.
3) New Year parties are usually noisier.
4) People go to clubs and restaurants.



4) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

What does the author NOT advise foreigners to do?
1) Get ready to speak about your culture.
2) Choose presents for hosts carefully.
3) Ask your hosts questions about traditions.
4) Take an extra pair of home shoes.



5) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

What is the worst thing to do on New Year’s eve?
1) Wear old clothes.
2) Watch fireworks.
3) Go to bed early.
4) Borrow money.



6) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

The word iconic in Paragraph 4 (“… for iconic beautiful views of the fireworks …”) is closest in meaning to …
1) well-known.
2) popular.
3) memorable.
4) marvellous.



7) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

The author thinks that New Year decorations in Russia are …
1) stylish.
2) strange.
3) suitable.
4) cheap.



8) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

What is implied by the author’s comparison of Russia with Vienna?
1) The author prefers European countries.
2) Vienna is better decorated than Russia.
3) There are more Christmas trees in Russia.
4) Russian people love classical music.



9) Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Показать текст. ⇓

What is the author’s overall impression of Russia on New Year’s eve?
1) It is too cold in wintertime.
2) The major cities are nice.
3) It is definitely worth visiting.
4) It is very noisy.